The Impact of Competition on Group Hostility
Sherif's Research on Group Hostility
In Sherif's classic research on group dynamics, he investigated how competition and cooperation influenced intergroup relations. One of the key findings from his study was the emergence of hostility between camper groups under certain conditions.
What Triggered Hostility?
In Sherif's research, the camper groups became hostile towards each other when they were competing for resources or when in-group solidarity was strong, leading to an 'us versus them' mentality. The competitive nature of the situation heightened tensions and fueled animosity between the groups.
Final answer:
Sherif's research indicated that hostility between groups occurred during competition, but could be reduced through cooperative efforts towards common goals, a concept supported by numerous studies.
Explanation:
In Sherif's research, the camper groups became hostile towards each other when they were competing for resources or when in-group solidarity was strong, leading to an 'us versus them' mentality. However, Sherif also discovered that prejudice and hostility could be reduced through the introduction of superordinate goals that required cooperation between groups.
This approach lessened tensions and promoted collaboration, effectively decreasing the prejudicial attitudes that had formed.
Various studies have supported the idea that cooperative efforts toward common goals decrease prejudicial attitudes. The jigsaw classroom technique is another example where diverse student groups work together in a way that requires each member's contribution, reducing potential for prejudice.
This and other research indicate that cooperative activities and interdisciplinary interaction can be effectively leveraged in reducing hostility and promoting understanding among different groups.
How did Sherif's research demonstrate the impact of superordinate goals on reducing hostility between groups?
Sherif's research showed that introducing superordinate goals that required cooperation between groups was effective in reducing hostility and prejudice. When groups had a common objective that necessitated collaboration, they were able to set aside their differences and work together towards a shared goal. This cooperative effort helped to break down the 'us versus them' mentality and promote understanding between the groups.