Decontamination of Equipment and PPE: Factors to Consider

The Importance of Decontamination

Factors Affecting Decontamination

• Type of Microbe Targeted: Different decontamination methods may be required based on the specific type of microorganism that needs to be eliminated.
• Susceptibility to Decontamination Protocol: Some microbes may be more resistant to certain decontamination techniques, necessitating alternative approaches.
• Presence of Organic Materials: Organic materials, such as blood or bodily fluids, can interfere with the effectiveness of decontamination procedures and may require additional steps for thorough cleaning.
• Environmental Conditions: Factors like temperature, humidity, and ventilation can impact the success of decontamination efforts by influencing microbial growth and survival.

Classification of Items for Decontamination

Based on their use and level of contact with patients, healthcare items are classified into three categories:

• Critical Items: Items that come into direct contact with sterile tissues inside the body, such as surgical instruments, require sterilization to ensure complete elimination of all microorganisms.
• Semicritical Items: Items that contact mucous membranes or nonintact skin, like respiratory therapy equipment, need high-level disinfection to kill most microorganisms, but not necessarily all bacterial spores.
• Noncritical Items: Items that only come into contact with intact skin, such as bed linens or blood pressure cuffs, require general cleanliness to remove visible contamination but do not need high-level disinfection.

By considering these factors and following appropriate decontamination protocols, healthcare facilities can maintain a safe and hygienic environment for both patients and healthcare workers.