What is the shatterproof (SHP) gene? Why is it an example of subfunctionalisation?
Understanding the Shatterproof (SHP) Gene
Subfunctionalisation in the SHP Gene
The SHP gene is an intriguing example of subfunctionalisation in evolutionary biology. It originated from a duplication event of an ancestral gene that had a broad function in regulating various aspects of plant development. As a result of this duplication, two copies of the gene were created. Over time, one of the duplicated copies of the gene underwent mutations that altered its function. This mutated copy became specialized in regulating fruit development and seed dispersal, while the other copy retained the original, broader function. Consequently, the two copies of the gene evolved to have distinct but complementary functions. This process of subfunctionalisation led to the evolution of more complex and specialized biological systems. By having specialized functions, each copy of the SHP gene can contribute to different aspects of plant development, ultimately enhancing the plant's ability to adapt and thrive in diverse environments. In summary, the SHP gene is a plant gene that regulates fruit development and seed dispersal. It is an example of subfunctionalisation because it evolved from a duplication event of an ancestral gene that underwent mutations to acquire a specialized function.What is the significance of subfunctionalisation in the evolution of biological systems?
Subfunctionalisation is significant in the evolution of biological systems as it allows duplicated genes to acquire specialized functions, leading to greater genetic diversity and adaptability. By developing distinct but complementary roles, duplicated genes can contribute to the complexity and specialization of biological processes, thereby enhancing the organism's ability to survive and thrive in changing environments.